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| Volkswagen 4x4 history |
During the 1960s, several European governments began cooperating on development of a vehicle known as the Europa Jeep (Fiat-MAN-Saviem FMS ), a lightweight, amphibious four-wheel drive vehicle that could be mass produced for use by various national military and government groups. Development of the vehicle proved time consuming, however, and the German government was in need of a limited number of light, inexpensive, durable transport vehicles that could fulfill their basic needs while the Europa Jeep was being developed and put into production.
The Europa Jeep was a NATO dream, to have a vehicle where by each European NATO makers all combined to build a light duty patrol vehicle. The Volkswagen 181 was only supposed to fill in, until the time that the Europa Jeep was ready. From 1968 until 1979, over 50,000 Type 181 were delivered to the NATO forces. By 1979 the Europa Jeep project had fallen apart completely and was abandoned, and the German government began supplementing their consumption of 181's with the new front-engined Type 183 Iltis, which featured four-wheel-drive based on the mechanical system from a VW Golf .
К середине 60-х гг. поставлявшиеся в Бундесвер джипы ДКВ (DKW) явно устарели, а совместные работы над "Евроджипом" затягивались, поэтому фирме "Фольксваген" был выдан крупный заказ на новый легкий многоцелевой армейский автомобиль. Являясь правопреемником "кюбельвагена" КдФ-82, она создала не что иное, как его модернизированную копию со схожими агрегатами и параметрами. |
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| Военный заднеприводный джип с дорожным просветом всего 205 мм так и не получил признания в войсках. Учтя свой промах, в ноябре 1975 г. Федеральное управление военных поставок (BWB) выдало фирме "Фольксваген" заказ на 8,8 тыс. полноприводных джипов с полезной нагрузкой 500 кг. Прототип появился ровно через год, а в 1978 г. на заводе "Ауди" (Audi) в Ингольштадте начался выпуск армейского джипа "Фольксваген-183 Ильтис (Iltis) 4x4, не имевшего ничего общего со своими предшественниками. Он получил лонжеронную раму, рядный 4-цилиндровый двигатель жидкостного охлаждения (1714 см3, 75 л.с.), расположенный перед передней осью с небольшим наклоном вбок, синхронизированную 5-ступенчатую коробку передач, независимую подвеску на поперечных параболических рессорах, отключаемый задний мост и новый 4-местный кузов с тентом и боковыми пластиковыми стеклами, пристегивавшимися при помощи "молний". С 1985 г. джип комплектовали также дизелем (1,6 л, 70 л.с.). "Ильтис" имел колесную базу 2017 мм, полную массу 2050 кг, мог преодолевать подъемы крутизной до 77% и двигаться со скоростью от 3 до 130 км/ч. На нем монтировали радиостанции, санитарные кузова и легкое вооружение. В конце 1981 г. лицензию на"Ильтис" приобрела канадская компания "Бомбардье" (Bombardier), что привело к резкому сокращению его выпуска в ФРГ, где до 1988 г. в общей сложности построили около 10 тыс. "ильтисов". |
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In February 1986, Volkswagen presented the first Golf with four-wheel drive. Its 4WD system had been developed in collaboration with Steyr-Daimler-Puch of Austria, and featured a viscous coupling and flexible partition of torque between front and rear axle.
There was also a version called Golf Country (about 6,697 cars), designed for light off-road driving.
It had more suspension travel, four-wheel drive, bullbars (generally over a single headlight grill), a skid plate for protecting the engine area, and a spare wheel mounted externally on the back.
4motion is a registered trademark of Volkswagen Group (Volkswagen AG), used for naming specific cars which utilise four-wheel drive (4WD) systems, used exclusively on Volkswagen Passenger Cars-branded automobiles.
"4motion" is a trademark, and does not imply which particular 4WD system or technology is being employed on a particular car model.
Volkswagen Passenger Cars parent company Volkswagen AG has used different trademark names for their various brands of 4WD vehicles. Previously, Volkswagen Passenger Cars used the term "Syncro", but currently they only use the term "4motion".
Of their other marques, on Audi branded cars, they use their legendary "quattro" nomenclature. Sister companies Skoda simply uses the nomenclature "4x4" after the model name, whereas SEAT merely uses "4".
None of the above trademarks or nomenclatures define the operation or type of 4WD system.
Generally, Volkswagen Passenger Cars would use Haldex Traction clutch system on their transverse engined cars. For longitudinal engined cars, they would use a Torsen differential-based 4WD system instead. |
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The Volkswagen Touareg is a mid-size crossover SUV produced by German automaker Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles since 2002. It was the third sport utility vehicle from the automaker, after the much older Volkswagen 181 "Kurierwagen", and the Iltis (later produced by Bombardier).
The Touareg (internally designated Typ 7L) was a joint venture project developed by Volkswagen Group, who also include Audi, and Porsche, who were also looking to add a luxury-type SUV to its lineup, as a cost-sharing initiative. The goal was to create an off-road vehicle that could handle like a sports car. The team, with over 300 people, was led by Klaus-Gerhard Wolpert, and was based in Weissach im Tal, Germany. The result of the joint project is that the Porsche Cayenne shares the Touareg's Porsche Volkswagen Group PL71 platform, although there are styling, equipment, and technical differences between the two vehicles.
The Touareg comes standard with four-wheel drive system. An automatic progressively locking centre differential (with manual override), and a "low range" setting that can be activated with in-cabin controls. Options to make the vehicles more capable off-road include an available air suspension system which can raise the car's ride height on command, and an interior switch allowing the rear differential to be manually locked. Its load level ground clearance is at 6.3 inches, Off Road Level is at 9.6 inches, and Xtra clearance of 11.8 inches. |
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Volkswagen Tiguan is a compact crossover vehicle (CUV) built by the German automaker Auto 5000, based on the PQ35 platform of the Volkswagen Golf. Production started in the winter of 2007 in Wolfsburg, Germany and started selling shortly after. All engines are four-cylinder powered.
The Volkswagen Tiguan was announced at the 2006 Los Angeles International Auto Show held in November 2006 as a concept vehicle.
The production Tiguan was released at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show, and debuted as a 2008 model for Europe and elsewhere and in North America as a 2009 model. Sales of the Tiguan in Canada began in April 2008.
Related : SEAT Tribu, Audi Q3, SEAT Leon Mk2, SEAT Altea, SEAT Toledo Mk3, Audi A3 Mk2, VW Golf/Rabbit Mk5, Volkswagen Jetta, Volkswagen Eos, Volkswagen Passat,
Volkswagen Amarok (pickup) |
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